Aging Biology
What changes as we age—and which mechanisms might matter?
This is the publication map for biology coverage. Hallmarks are one useful framework—not the only way to understand aging—and a mechanism is not evidence that an intervention improves health.
Cell-to-tissue framework
Aging unfolds from molecules to whole-body health
The groupings make the field easier to browse while preserving uncertainty and overlap among mechanisms.
Damage, maintenance, and information
Genomic instability, telomeres, epigenetic alterations, proteostasis, and autophagy.
Evidence question: What was measured, in which model, and is the change linked to function?
Read the reprogramming analysis →Understand epigenetic clocks →Sensing, energy, and senescence
Nutrient sensing, mitochondrial function, and cellular senescence as interacting responses.
Evidence question: Is the proposed mechanism demonstrated or only consistent with the result?
Read the PEARL brief →Read the CALERIE brief →Read the senolytics analysis → Read the sauna association explainer →Read the cold-water physiology analysis →Read the hyperbaric-oxygen biomarker explainer →Read the GlyNAC aging-claims explainer →Regeneration, communication, and environment
Stem-cell exhaustion, altered communication, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis.
Evidence question: Does a cellular signal translate into tissue function or a meaningful outcome?
Coverage not yet publishedBeyond one framework
How aging changes the brain, heart, muscles and more
These areas keep practical and organism-level questions visible when they do not fit neatly under one cellular hallmark.
Nervous-system aging
Future coverage will connect cellular mechanisms to cognition, function, and neurological outcomes.
Evidence question: Is the outcome a biomarker, a task, daily function, or disease progression?
Read the sleep explainer →Read the multivitamin cognition analysis →Read the FINGER analysis →Read the MIND trial analysis →Read the ACTIVE explainer →Read the spermidine cognition explainer →Heart and blood vessels
Future coverage will distinguish vascular measurements, cardiac function, events, and mortality.
Evidence question: Which outcome changed, over what duration, and in what population?
Read the PREDIMED analysis →Read the GLP-1 analysis →Read the SPRINT analysis →Read the statin explainer →Read the omega-3 claim check →Read the TRAVERSE cardiovascular analysis →Read the ASPREE cardiovascular and bleeding explainer →Strength, mobility, and resilience
Future coverage will separate composition and biomarkers from strength, falls, mobility, and independence.
Evidence question: Did the study measure function that matters outside the laboratory?
Read the LIFTMOR explainer →Read the HORIZON fracture analysis →Read the exercise explainer →Read the metformin analysis →Read the mobility explainer →Read the creatine brief →Read the vitamin D fracture claim check →Read the TRAVERSE fracture explainer →Read the testosterone function claim check →Read the urolithin A muscle analysis →Energy use and regulation
Coverage connects metabolic markers to conditions and outcomes without treating one number as healthspan.
Evidence question: Is the measurement validated for the outcome being claimed?
Coverage not yet publishedRead the GLP-1 analysis →Read the NAD claim check →Read the meal-timing explainer →Read the resveratrol translation explainer →Defense, surveillance, and inflammation
Vaccination coverage distinguishes immune-cell measures, infection outcomes, observational dementia signals and clinical function.
Evidence question: Does the signal indicate capacity, activation, risk, or demonstrated benefit?
Read CBT-I and sleep evidence →Read CPAP cardiovascular evidence →Read melatonin and aging claims →Read shingles and dementia evidence →Read the high-dose flu explainer →Read the RSV vaccine analysis →Screening outcomes, tradeoffs and aging populations
Coverage keeps cancer-specific outcomes, competing mortality, false positives and overdiagnosis separate from broad longevity claims.
Evidence question: Who was offered screening, which mortality endpoint changed, and what harms traveled with detection?
Read the colonoscopy analysis →Read the low-dose CT analysis →Read the PSA analysis →Fertility and reproductive systems
Future coverage will identify the population, outcome, and life stage rather than generalizing across people.
Evidence question: Who was studied, and is the endpoint biological, functional, or clinical?
Read the WHI hormone analysis →Sensory aging
Coverage connects hearing care, function and cognition while keeping communication benefits separate from dementia-prevention claims.
Evidence question: Was meaningful sensory function measured directly, and was cognition a primary or subgroup result?
Read the ACHIEVE analysis →People who live unusually long lives
Future coverage will separate association, inheritance, environment, and causal evidence.
Evidence question: Does the design support a cause or only describe a difference?
Coverage not yet publishedLong-lived species and models
Future coverage will use other species to discover biology without assuming it transfers to humans.
Evidence question: Which mechanism is conserved, and what translation gap remains?
Read the ASPREE cancer follow-up explainer →Continue exploring